26b

Soviet Union:

Experiences During War: Suffered more casualties in World War II than any other Allies. Lost aproximately 7.5 million soliders. About 19 million civilians were killed and 25 million refugees were left homeless.

Emotions After War: Feared invasion from the West.

Needs After War: Gaining military and political control of Eastern Europe-way of creating a buffer from further attack.

United States:

Experiences During War: 405,000 soliders died during war, with no civilian casualties. This got the US out of the Depression and almost half of all the goods and services produced in the world came from the US.

Emotions After War: Feared totalitarian regimes that imposed their own systems on otherwise free and independent nations.

Needs After War: Contain communism was a diplomatic compromise between going to war again and stopping the Soviets from gaining any more power in the world that they already had.

25l

The War in the Pacific

April 1942, Bataan: Lt. Colonel James Doolittle led 16 bombers in the attack of a raid on Tokyo and Japanese cities. American spirits rose while Japans spirits dampened.

June 1942, Midway: Admiral Chester Nimitz, commander of American naval forces in the Pacific, moved to defend Midway (an island near Hawaii). The Americans sent torpedo planes and dive bombers to the attack. Japanese were caught with their planes on decks and by the end of the battle, the Japanese lost 4 aircraft carriers, a cruiser, and 250 planes.

August 1942, Guadalcanal: 19,000 troops stormed into Guadalcanal and the first Allied offesive began.

October 1944, Leyte Gulf: Japanese bombers threw their entire fleet into the Battle. This battle ended as a disaster for Japan. Within 3 days they lost 3 battleships, 4 aircraft carriers, 13 cruisers, and almost 500 planes.

March 1945, Iwo Jima:

June 1945, Okinawa: Allies and Japan. The fighting ended on June 21, 1945; more than 7, 600 Americans died. The Japanese lost 110,000 lives.

September 1945, Tokyo Bay:

The Science of War

July 1945, Los Alamos: Otto Frisch describe the first testing of the new bomb as a huge mushroom cloud that rose over the sesert as a "red hot elephant standingbalanced on its trunk." The bomb was successful; it worked.

August 1945, Hiroshima and Nagasaki: Enola Gay released an atomic bomb named Little Boy over an important Japanese military center (Hiroshima). Almost every building had collapsed and the city as well. Japans leader had yet to surrender and 3 days later another bomb, named Fat Man, was dropped on Nagasaki. By the end of the year roughly 200, 000 people died.

Planning and Rebuilding for Peace

February 1945, Yalta: Allied pushed toward victory in Europe. Roosevelt met with Churchill and Stalin at the Black Sea resort city of Yalta in the Soviet Union, where they toasted the defeat of Germany.

April 1945, San Francisco: Roosevelt's dream of a United Nations would become reality at an international conference that took place in San Francisco in April.

1945 - 1949, Nuremberg: U.S. Supreme Court Justice Robert Jackson, 12 out of 24 defendents, that were Nazi leaders, were accused of crimes and were sentenced to death. The remaining men were sent to prison. Nearly 200 more Nazis were found guilty of war crimes.

Kamikaze: Or a suicide-plane involving the deliberate crashing of a bomb-filled airplane into a military target.

The Manhattan Project: The United States program developed an atomic bomb for use in World War II.

25g

End of Battle of Stalingrad
The soldiers fought in the Soviet Union since June 1941. For weeks the Germans went in on Stalingrad, taking over houses. By the end of the battle, defending Stalingrad, the Soviet Union lost 1,100,000 soliders. From this point on the Soviet began to move westward toward Germany.
End of Operation Torch
The Operation Torch was an invasion of Axis-controlled North Africa, commanded by American General Dwight D. Eisenhower. Landing in Casablanca, Oran, and Algiers in Norther Africa, were about 107, 000 Allied troops, mostly American. Moving eastward from this point they became victorious to Afrika Korps led by General Erwin Rommel.
Victory in Battle of the Atlantic
D-Day
The Allies gathered a force of nearly 3 million British, American, and Canadian troops, with a great deal of military equipment and supplies. The plan was to attack Normany in northern France. The code-name for the invasion was Operation Overload, which shortly after midnight, the 3 divisions parachuted down behind German lines followed by thousands upon thousands of seaborne soliders.
Liberation of Majdanek
The Soviets entered Majadenk in Poland seeing that they didn't enter a concentration camp, but a "murder house" instead.
Liberation of France
French soliders set Paris free from the Germans.
Capture of Aachen
Americans captured the first German town Aacehn in October 1944.
End of Battle of the Bulge
The Germans moved westward capturing 120 American GIs near Malmedy. Herding them into fields, the Germans killed them with machine guns and pistols.
End of Italian Campaign
VE-Day
The Allies celebrated "Victory in Europe Day" when the war in Europe was finally over. General Eisenhower accepted the surrender of the Third Reich.
Dwight D. Eisenhower -General and the Supreme Commander of United States Forces in
Europe.
George Patton - Leader of the third army that reached the Seine river south of Paris to liberate France.
Harry S. Truman - Became nation's 33rd President after Roosevelt died on April 12, 1945.

Current Event Summary # 7

Throughout Nepal, a region located in South Asia, there has been an ongoing strike because the population believe they are being neglected. This strike, that has been struggling with the supply of fuel for the nation, is roughly one third of Nepal, also known as Madhesis. Within the two week period that the strike has been caring on, police officers have already killed people, due to the act of violence. The population of Madhesis have never seemed to have the power in political issues or representation. For that reason, the recent man who signed for cabinet minister, Mr. Mahato, asked for their own state within Nepal. That way the population would be able to regain control, without having problems with the government. Problems that have grown with the government and Madhesis' population is that the government has "collapsed" and it is "irresponsible." Due to the strike, there is a shortage of basic fuels across the country. To maintain some-what of a supply to Nepal, curfews have been set, because so much violence has been brought about the region. The main reason for the curfew is to allow tankers to come in and bring petrols and cooking gas from India for the population. As a result, the strike has not only affected the Madhesi and the domestic lives, but it has also affected hospitals and schools. This outroar shows a new sign of ethnics in Nepal and politics.
The ethnic Nepalese people from Bruhtan have also been involved in fires that destroyed a camp that sheltered many refugees from disasters. For many, many years this camp has been a home for over 100,000 ethnic Nepalese people. Roughly 60,000 of those people have now been given the chance to live in the United States. To shelters like this, emidiate attention has be aqquired. Aid agencies and the government has sent emergency food, water, and extra temporary shelter. Although, due to the use of bamboo for the huts, most of the shelters have been destroyed by fires. For the population of Nepal, the domestic population has not only been affected by the strike going on, but by the ongoing fires. The fires have taken away shelter and most of their personal belongings such as clothes, books, cooking supplies, and food. The fires have not been determined as accidents or acts of arson quite yet. One main resultant that the refugees have led to is moving to western countries.
In all, the government and other aid resources are making an attempt to make the life of the population that lives in Nepal a better way of living. The government has gone from dealing with strikes from the domestic population and accusations of arsons continually spreading throughout shelters of Nepal.